Addiction


Addiction is a psychological and physical inability to stop consuming a chemical, drug, activity, or substance, even though it is causing psychological and physical harm.

The term addiction does not only refer to dependence on substances such as heroin or cocaine. A person who cannot stop taking a particular drug or chemical has a substance dependence.

Some addictions also involve an inability to stop activities, such as gambling, eating, or working. In these circumstances, a person has a behavioral addiction.

Common signs and symptoms :
  • Uncontrollably seeking drugs.
  • Uncontrollably engaging in harmful levels of habit-forming behavior.
  • Neglecting or losing interest in activities that do not involve the harmful substance or behavior.
  • Relationship difficulties, which often involve lashing out at people who identify the dependency.
  • An inability to stop using a drug, though it may be causing health problems or personal problems, such as issues with employment or relationships.
  • Hiding substances or behaviors and otherwise exercising secrecy, for example, by refusing to explain injuries that occurred while under the influence.
  • Profound changes in appearance, including a noticeable abandonment of hygiene.
  • Increased risk-taking, both to access the substance or activity and while using it or engaging in it.
Treatment
  • Behavioral therapy and Counseling
  • Medication and drug-based treatment
  • Medical devices to treat withdrawal
  • Treating related psychological factors, such as depression
  • Ongoing care to reduce the risk of relapse

Treatment can take a long time and may be complicated. Addiction is a chronic condition with a range of psychological and physical effects. Each substance or behavior may require different management.

Addiction treatment is highly personalized and often requires the support of the individual and the family.